import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class SavitchIn
{
    public static String readLine()
    {
       char nextChar;
       String result = "";
       boolean done = false;
       while (!done)
       {
          nextChar = readChar();
          if (nextChar == '\n')
             done = true;
          else if (nextChar == '\r')
          {
             // Do nothing.
             // Next loop iteration will detect '\n'
          }
          else
             result = result + nextChar;
       }
       return result;
    }

    public static String readLineWord()
    {
        String inputString = null, 
               result = null;
        boolean done = false;
        while (!done)
        {
            inputString=readLine();
            StringTokenizer wordSource = new StringTokenizer(inputString);
            if (wordSource.hasMoreTokens())
            {
                result = wordSource.nextToken();
                done = true;
            }
            else
            {
                System.out.println(
                     "Your input is not correct.  Your input must");
                System.out.println(
                     "contain at least one nonwhiteSpace character.");
                System.out.println(
                     "Try again.  Enter input:");
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    public static int readLineInt()
    {
        String inputString = null;
        int number = -9999;
        boolean done = false;
        while (!done)
        {
            try
            {
                inputString = readLine();
                inputString = inputString.trim();
                number = Integer.parseInt(inputString);
                done = true;
            }
            catch (NumberFormatException e)
            {
                System.out.println(
                  "Your input number is not correct.");
                System.out.println("Your input number must be");
                System.out.println("a whole number written as an");
                System.out.println("ordinary numeral, such as 42" +
                      "but do not use a plus sign.");
                System.out.println("Please try again.");
                System.out.println("Enter a whole number:");
            }
        }
        return number;
    }

    public static long readLineLong()
    {
        String inputString = null;
        long number = -9999;
        boolean done = false;
        while (! done)
        try
        {
             inputString = readLine();
             inputString = inputString.trim();
             number = Long.parseLong(inputString);
             done = true;
        }
        catch (NumberFormatException e)
        {
             System.out.println("Your long integer has a bad format.");
             System.out.println(
                   "Whole number, minus signs are ok, but no plus sign.");
             System.out.println("Enter a whole number.");
        }
        return number;
    }

    public static double readLineDouble()
    {
        String inputString = null;
        double number = -9999;
        boolean done = false;
        while (!done)
        {
            try
            {
                inputString = readLine();
                inputString = inputString.trim();
                number = Double.parseDouble(inputString);
                done = true;
            }
            
            catch (NumberFormatException e)
            {
                System.out.println(
                 "Badly formatted double input number.");
                System.out.println("Enter the number:");
            }
        }
        return number;
    }

    public static float readLineFloat()
    {
        String inputString = null;
        float number = -9999;
        boolean done = false;

        while (! done)
        {
            try
            {
                inputString = readLine();
                inputString = inputString.trim();
                number = Float.parseFloat(inputString);
                done = true;
            }
            catch (NumberFormatException e)
            {
                System.out.println(
                  "Badly formatted float input.");
                System.out.println("Enter the number again:");
            }
        }
        return number;
    }

    public static char readLineNonwhiteChar()
    {
        boolean done = false;
        String inputString = null;
        char nonWhite = ' ';

        while (!done)
        {
            inputString = readLine();
            inputString = inputString.trim();
            if (inputString.length() == 0)
            {
                System.out.println(
                    "Your input must contain a non-white character");
                System.out.println("Enter input:");
            }
            else
            {
                nonWhite = (inputString.charAt(0));
                done = true;
            }
        }
        return nonWhite;
    }

    public static char readChar()
    {
       int charAsInt = -1;  // To keep the compiler happy
       try
       {
           charAsInt = System.in.read();
       }
       catch(IOException e)
       {
           System.out.println(e.getMessage());
           System.out.println("Fatal error. Ending program.");
           System.exit(0);
       }
    return (char) charAsInt;
    }

    public static boolean readLineBoolean()
    {
        boolean done = false;
        String inputString = null;
        boolean result = false;

        while (!done)
        {
            inputString = readLine();
            inputString = inputString.trim();
            if (inputString.equalsIgnoreCase("true")
                 || inputString.equalsIgnoreCase("t"))
            {
                result = true;
                done = true;
            }
            else if (inputString.equalsIgnoreCase("false")
                      || inputString.equalsIgnoreCase("f"))
            {
                result = false;
                done = true;
            }
            else
            {
                System.out.println(
                   "Your boolean input is badly formatted.");
                System.out.println("Enter input:");
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    public static char readNonwhiteChar()
    {
        char next;

        next = readChar();
        while (Character.isWhitespace(next))
            next = readChar();

        return next;
    }
}