// A stringstream is a stream, like cout or cin, except that it’s attached
// to a string, rather than being attached to a file or a terminal.
//
// Write/insert (<<) to an ostringstream.
// Read/extract (>>) from an istringstream.
//
// Here are a few simple stringstream examples.

#include <iostream>		    // For cout & cerr
#include <iomanip>		    // For hex, setw, setfill
#include <sstream>		    // For istringstream & ostringstream
#include <string>		    // For the time of my life

using namespace std;

int main() {
    // Convert int to string
    ostringstream oss;
    int n = 8675309;
    oss << n;			    // Insert the int into the stream
    string s = oss.str();	    // What got “printed” to the stream?
    cout << n << " becomes " << s << '\n';

    // Convert string to double
    s = "+123.4560";
    istringstream iss(s);	    // Initialize istringstream with the string
    double d;
    if (iss >> d)		    // Try to extract a double from the stream
	cout << s << " becomes " << d << '\n';
    else
	cerr << "Error: can’t convert " << s << "\n";

    // Convert int to hex string
    oss.str("");		    // Reset to nothing
    oss << setw(4) << setfill('0') << hex << 20;
    s = oss.str();		    // What got “printed” to the stream?
    cout << "Result is “" << s << "”\n";
}